Latin Conjunctions and How to Use Them

In Latin and in English, conjunctions are words that join other words together. The very word conjunction means join together: con  with   junct...  (from  iungo) join. The most common conjunctions in English are and, but, and or. And is used to join any two parts of a sentence together. But is an adversative, and contrasts parts of a sentence. Or may be referred to as a disjunction and means different things depending on whether it is being used informally or mathematically/logically. Latin Conjunctions Latin has comparable conjunctions, but it has more of them. The basic conjunctions in Latin are: et,-que,sed,at/ac,atquenec,neque,velaut. The Latin Conjunction And To translate the English and you would use the Latin  et  if you wanted the conjunction to be a separate and independent word, and  -que  if you wanted a conjunction that is added to the end of the second conjoined object. In the following, the  bolded  forms are the conjunctions. arma virumque  canoarms and the man I singvsarma  et  virum canowhich doesnt fit the hexameter meter Vergil needed in the Aeneid, but means the same thing. There are other words for and like  ac  or  atque. These can be used, like  et ... et, in pairs as correlative conjunctions to mean both ... and. The Latin Conjunction But The Latin for but is  sed  or  at vera dico,  sed  nequicquam....I speak the truth, but in vain.... The Latin Conjunction Or The Latin for the correlative conjunction either ... or is  vel ... vel  or  aut ... aut. Aut  or  vel  can also be used singly for or. the negative is  nec ... nec  or  neque ... nequemeaning neither ... nor.  Nec  or  Neque  used singly means (and) not.  Vel  and  autmay be described as disjunctions. An aside, the use of v to stand for or in symbolic logic comes from the Latin word  vel. Coordinating Conjunctions A coordinating conjunction is one that pairs a set of equally ranked words, phrases, clauses, or sentences. ac - andat - butatque - and, and also, moreoveraut - oret - andnec non - and besidessed - butvel - or Pairs of Conjunctions (Correlative) Correlative conjunctions are terms that are pairs of equal objects: atque ... atque - both ... andaut ... aut - either ... oret ... et - both ... andnec ... et - not only ... but alsonec ... nec - neither ... nor Subordinating Conjunctions Subordinating conjunctions are words that compare an independent clause to a dependent clause: the dependent clause cannot stand on its own, but rather delimits the main part of a sentence. antequam - beforecum - when, whenever, since, becausedum - while, if only, so long as, untilsi - ifusque - untilut - while, as Sources Moreland, Floyd L., and Fleischer, Rita M. Latin: An Intensive Course. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1977.Traupman, John C. The Bantam New College Latin English Dictionary. Third Edition. New York: Bantam Dell, 2007.

Taste Aversion through Classical Conditioning Essay

Taste Aversion through Classical Conditioning Classical conditioning states that learning is a gradual process, that it is not possible for a subject to be classically condition in only one trial. However, if you eat something and become sick from it, there is a very good probability that you will develop a strong distaste for that food. This effect is known as taste aversion, which has brought up many questions about classical conditioning. It was Garcia and Koelling (1966) who studied the level of conditioning in rats using two conditioned stimulus (CS), an audiovisual stimulus and a salty flavor added to drinking water. The two unconditioned stimulus (UCS), a mild foot-shock and a nausea-producing drug. In the conditioning†¦show more content†¦It is seen that the rats promptly learned to associate a taste CS with a UCS of nausea but not with the foot-shock, where the audiovisual CS was conditioned to the foot-shock but not to nausea (Walker 1995). Taste aversion has violated three principles of classical conditioning, the first is that equal associability of stimuli: any CS can be paired with any UCS. This has proven to be untrue because if it were, the rats that became sick would have avoided both the salty water CS and the audiovisual CS. The second principle violated is temporal contiguity: CS and UCS have to be presented close together in time. Again untrue in this case because of such a long delay between drinking the salty water and becoming sick. The third and final principle is that learning is gradual, but in this case only one trial was enough. The studies done by Garcia and Koelling have had much support from many other experiments done in similar or the same situations. A study of ingestional aversion (Gregg, Melanie, Kittrell, Domjan Amsel, 1978), where 12 and 15 day-old rats were conditioned by infusing a .5% solution of saccharin into the oral cavity. This was then followed by an oral infusion by the injection of lithium chloride. At both ages, subjects that had saccharin exposure was followed by a lithium injection within 2 to 3 minutes drank less when theShow MoreRelatedLearning Experience Paper : Smoking Cessation Essay1185 Words   |  5 Pagesfurther, what does learning mean, precisely? Namely, the definition of learning is the resulting change in behavior or knowledge that occurs through experience (Boundless, 2016). Moreover, (from a psychological aspect) associative learning entails linking particular stimuli or events that occur jointly in the environment (such as in classical and operant conditioning). A nd, cognitive-social learning is a cognitive learning process - series of thoughts and comprehension with experiences and actions -Read MoreBiological Constraints in Classical Conditioning1993 Words   |  8 PagesWhat are the biological constraints in Classical Conditioning? Report the procedure and results of two studies supporting your answer. Word count: 1500 words excluding references Abstract A biological constraint in learning theory refers to an inherited tendency to learn and create certain relationships, and it has been said that some species are much more readily than others in learning such behaviour. Therefore it involves the factors which make populations resistant to evolutionary changeRead MoreThe Theory Of Classical Conditioning1419 Words   |  6 PagesClassical conditioning was first observed and developed by a Russian physiologist, Ivan Pavlov who lived from (1927-1960). The concept of classical conditioning is widely considered to be the most fundamental form of learning. Even before Ivan Pavlov named the process of conditioning, his work was considered ahead of his time (Feeser, 2002, p. 24). In fact, Pavlov was presented the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Nero Medicine for his research on the digestion system of dogs (Feeser, 2002, p. 24).Read MoreThe Theory Of Classical Conditioning1448 Words   |  6 PagesIvan Pavlov a Russian physiologist who lived f rom (1927-1960) first observed and conceived the concept of Classical conditioning. The concept of classical conditioning is widely distinguished and understood as the most basic form of cognitive learning. Even before Ivan Pavlov named the process of conditioning, his work was considered ahead of his time (Feeser, 2002, p. 24). In fact, Pavlov was presented a Nobel Prize in Physiology and Nero Medicine for his research on the digestion system of dogsRead MoreClassical Conditioning and Ice Cream Truck782 Words   |  4 Pagesconditioned and unconditioned responses? Provide at least three examples of each type of response. Conditioned is a learned reaction to a conditioned stimulus that occurs because of prior conditioning and unconditioned is an unlearned reaction/response to an unconditioned stimulus that occurs without prior conditioning. Example: 2. According to Pavlov, what determines how individuals respond to the environment? The momentary cortical mosaic determines how an organism will respond to its environmentRead MoreAversion Therapy Is A Method Of Treatment Used For Treat, Decrease, And Evidentially2897 Words   |  12 Pages AVERSION THERAPY Chad Rowe Mississippi College Child Abuse Investigation AJU432 AO/OL Pamela Spence July 2, 2015 Abstract Aversion Therapy is a method of treatment used to treat, decrease, and evidentially try to eliminate intolerable behaviors. This form of treatment has been used to treat many different addictions and ailments. There are multiple methods used in Aversion Therapy treatment. The study of Aversion TherapyRead MoreSubstance Of Substance Abuse Among Teenagers1362 Words   |  6 Pageslearn many of their addictive behaviors through what is called classical conditioning. Furthermore, people always pair up environmental cues with addictive substances. Fortunately, many addictions can be â€Å"unlearned† and we can do this by counter-conditioning. Counter –conditioning is a type of classical conditioning and we do this by doing something called taste aversion (dislike of a specific taste). Taste aversion functions in the same was as food aversion; we pair something that provides goodRead MoreIvan Pavlov s Classical Conditioning1149 Words   |  5 Pagesrelatively permanent change in behavior due to experience. A stimulus is anything that comes in through your senses. A response is anything that goes out through your muscles (anything you do). Habituation is a decrease in response to a repeated stimulus. Classical conditioning: Ivan Pavlov, J. B. Watson; works on reflexes and emotional behaviors through the repeated pairing of two stimuli. Operant conditioning: E. L. Thorndike, B. F. Skinner; works on all other behaviors by following a response withRead MoreThe Role of the Amygdala in Human Functioning Essay1782 Words   |  8 Pages In other words, Bechara clarified that the amygdala is responsible for the acquisitioning of fear conditioning whereas the hippocampus is responsible for memory of conditioning procedures. In the year 1990 up until the year 1996, LeDoux studied the role of different brain structures in rats in reference to fear conditioning. He found that after creating lesions in the amygdala fear conditioning did not take place. Furthermore, his research concluded that the amygdala is an important structureRead More Contrasting Principles of Classical and Operant Conditioning2161 Words   |  9 Pagesdiverse, most psychologists believe that learning occurs in several basic forms: conditioning – classical and operant and observational learning. Myers defined conditioning as ‘the process of learning associations’. Classical conditioning is where the stimulus serves as a signal for the occurrence of a second stimulus. (Learning to associate two stimuli’s together). In classical conditioning we are able to acquire information about the relations between various stimuli and

English Exam Free Essays

I personally think â€Å"Culture Smarts Norway a Quick Gulled to Customs Etiquette† has managed to capture the Norwegian lifestyle well. The tips are angled in a way for the reader to better understand Norwegian way of thinking and acting. Basic information about the Norwegian people and what values we got, that may be very different from other cultures. We will write a custom essay sample on English Exam or any similar topic only for you Order Now Being aware of other cultures values is an important and clever thing to do when traveling abroad. It strengthens your chances of good communication and prevents you from being misunderstood as easily. The only negative thing to say about the text is that It has put a lot of weight on Just explaining why we are so reserved, to help prevent foreigners from misunderstanding us. Of course this is important information, but there could be given more advice on how to otter the communication with us, rather than it mostly being excuses for our rather strange behavior. But don’t get me wrong, if I was to write a guide like this, I would most definitely mention the same things, but with some enhancements In the communication part. Appease 3. C) Do we really want to know? Weeklies; the weapon that â€Å"leaks out† confidential Information Into the public domain, Information the government Intended to keep secret, and backing the Information with trustworthy sources, as well as making sure the Individual providing the highly classified material remains anonymous. Weeklies has been a hot topic in the media the last couple of years. It’s not the information being given that is the main focus, but the fact that the Information is being given. Whether it Is good for the public to know, or if much of the information should be held kept, as intended. I personally appreciate such information. We all know terrible things happens in war, out rapports Ana Tall Dotage snowing emulates Ana Inhuman actions In war, causing death of civilians is something I feel is right for the public to see. To help prevent the government from believing they are untouchable. To help prevent military actions aging lives’ of the innocent, without consequences. For each individual, and their rights to know what is going on in the world, this information is best to be official for the public. But is this what’s best in the bigger picture? Is much of this information held secret, not only to hide information that is not accepted by the public, but to benefit world peace? Will the leaked information cause bigger consequences for cooperation between countries? Is the reduced trust in our government benefiting us, or is it better not to know? Maybe some of the information from Weeklies is better of being unknown to the public, in order to maintain world order. How to cite English Exam, Papers English Exam Free Essays

Northop Frye free essay sample

Northrop Frye discusses several issues which face the modern world and our generation. Mostly, he talks about how reading is no longer Important for literacy. Its mall use nowadays, he argues, Is to read every day things Like traffic signals, and to read only as much as you need to make money at work. Frye argued that literacy Is no longer valued In modern society. Because of this, people dont think as much and they all have basic thoughts that arent unique.His conclusion is right, and this is evident in through the popularity often- messaging, using click phrases, and the shame that adolescents feel in articulation of their thoughts. Text messaging has made a shorthand version of English that many youth are beginning to use as an everyday language. Instead of full sentences and proper spelling, they only use a few necessary words and dont spell words completely. We will write a custom essay sample on Northop Frye or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They do this so that they can fit many things into a limited testing space.Twitter, the social media website, also adds to this habit because it only allows each wet to be 140 characters long. As a result, words have become less sophisticated and only the things that are necessary are said. Like Frye said, such a habit will create a society that only thinks that the basic words are Important, and doesnt believe In valuing words that would be more complex. Therefore, the same words are used over and over gall and new thoughts arena made by people. Secondly, Frye talks about how modern people use a lot of clicks..This means that they only use certain phrases that are widely used by everyone, and hence everyone basically beats the same phrases and the same thoughts. Frye refers to them as simply verbal formulas that have no thought behind them but are put up as a pretense to thinking. In other words, people dont bother to think of new sentences and new thoughts. They say the ones that have been repeated by many people before, and dont create their own and use new words. Therefore, modern society doesnt value literacy but only uses the words that are necessary.The last point that Frye makes Is that youth are afraid to articulate In their speech ND use more advanced language. This is related to the second point, because they are again using only words that are common to everybody. Frye says that its not that youth are too lazy to use articulate speech, but they are actually afraid to use it. This fear is made by society because it tells them that being articulate is strange and makes you stand out in the crowd. If you want to be similar to everyone around you, you should use the same simple language that they use so that you wont seem strange to them.Frye says that this is something that many governments support, because if people have limited words, they wont have many clear thoughts and they will not have the mentality to question the government and fight tyrants. Therefore, society and governments can put fear of speaking articulately In people and this Is made us less likely to use non-gulch terms and to make new thoughts for ourselves. In conclusion, many of the thoughts that people have are similar, because their we hear on a regular basis, this makes our thoughts the same and we do not learn anything new.So that makes us think the amount of words we know is enough. This stops us from learning more new words which makes our literacy really poor. Not only that but we keep on using the same phrases which we repeatedly keep on hearing, instead of learning more. To conclude people should take their literacy more seriously and try to learn more because a society like ours doesnt have much interest in literacy and it is compulsory to read and write because society must have docile and obedient citizen.

Macbeth And Blood Theme Essays - Characters In Macbeth,

Macbeth And Blood Theme One of the themes in the tragedy of Macbeth is that of blood. Macbeth is known for his skills as a warrior and his mercilessness that is shown in his killing of MacDonwald. This warrior mentality quickly spreads into his life, and he begins to make killing a habit. When he is told in a prophecy that he shall be king, Macbeth takes it upon himself to murder Duncan, king of Scotland. After this murder he begins to see visions of blood on his hands, blood nothing could remove. As Macbeth becomes more ambitious, he also begins to kill more people to get the power that he wants. The theme of blood is shown throughout the play, and is a problem that Macbeth finds harder and harder to rid himself of after each killing. At the beginning of the play Macbeth is an esteemed member of the army, probably the greatest fighter in all of Scotland. He gets word that a rebellious tribe led by MacDonwald is defeating the Scots. He"single-handedly" defeats the rebels and "unseamed him (MacDonwald) from the nave to th' chops." With this Macbeth earns great respect among his peers, and even the king. On his way home from war three witches tell him his future. "All hail, Macbeth! Hail to thee, Thane of Glamis! All hail, Macbeth! Hail to thee, Thane of Cawdor! All Hail, Macbeth, that shalt be king hereafter!" Macbeth was already thane of Glamis, and wondered why they would say that he would be Thane of Cawdor or even king, so he blew it off as tomfoolery, and impossible. However, he was later told by the king that because of his valiant fighting against MacDonwald that he was to be given the title of the Thane of Cawdor. All this makes him think again of the witches prophecies, and he wonders if indeed he could be king. The desire for power began to consume Macbeth and his wife, and this ambition caused all of the bloody events that were to follow. Macbeth began to want the kingship that Duncan had more and more. Together Macbeth and his wife Lady Macbeth plotted to hurry Macbeth's reign, by killing Duncan themselves. At night Macbeth gains access to Duncan's sleeping quarters, kills the guards, and stabs King Duncan to death. After the murder, Macbeth is clearly shaken, and can hardly believe what he has done. He says. "What hands are here? Ha! They pluck out mine eyes! Will all great Neptune's ocean wash this blood clean from my hand? No; this mine will rather the multitudinous seas incarnadine making the green one red." Macbeth thinks that nothing will wash his hands clean, they will turn the ocean red. Lady Macbeth tells him that he is worrying too much, and that he should wash his hands and go to bed. Macbeth takes his guilty conscience with him to bed and wishes that he had not done what he had done. The blood on his hands is symbolic of the guilt that he feels. Although at times Macbeth feels guilty for his actions, that guilt is not a deterrent, it just made him feel as though he could get away with anything. However, he soon became very paranoid. He begins to worry about Banquo and Fleance possibly taking over the throne, so he plots to kill them. He succeeds in killing his friend Banquo, but Fleance escapes. Then at a banquet to honor Banquo, Macbeth again sees visions, this time they are visions of a bloody ghost of Banquo. Again revealing his guilt. He says to the ghost, " Avaunt and quit my sight! Let the earth hide thee! Thy bones are marrowless, thy blood is cold. Paranoia sets in again, and Macbeth plans yet another murder. This time aimed toward Macduff, but Macduff fled to Scotland to get Malcom's help. They both return to confront Macbeth, but, now Macbeth is left to defend his castle by himself. Macbeth kills Malcom and tells Macduff that his blood cannot be shed by anyone that was born of a woman. Macduff accepts the challenge and slays Macbeth, for he was untimely ripped from the womb. Macbeth's ambition causes him to do many things that he would have not otherwise done; a fault that many of us have, he just took it to the extreme. The blood that stained Macbeth reminded him of all the wrongdoing he had done. The blood represented the errors in his ways. Blood represents life, and

Capitol Punishment Essays - Penology, Capital Punishment, Murder

Capitol Punishment Essays - Penology, Capital Punishment, Murder Capitol Punishment Capital Punishment The Argument Against the Death Penalty The feeling of the condemned man was indescribable, as he was minutes away from being executed by an unjust decision. The verdict of his case was guilty on the grounds of circumstantial evidence. When in all reality, he was guilty because he was black, poor and socially unacceptable. His case never stood a chance, it was over before it started. The judge and jury sentence the man to die in the electric chair. The condemned man sat in the chair sweating profusely, waiting for a someone to wake him from this nightmare. A certain death awaited this young mans future. He could not believe that a country like ours upheld a system of such unfairness. Then as he was executed, he shouted his last plea, I am innocent, please wait... How can this innocent man be put to death in a system based on fairness, and a theory of innocent until proven guilty. There have been circumstances such as this, that were said to be true. This is one example why capital punishment should be abolished in our coun try. Or should it? Is capital punishment fair, and based on equality? Does it cost less than other alternatives? Is it considered cruel and unusual punishment? And does the presence of the death penalty deter crime? These are questions that need to be answered to determine whether capital punishment should be abolished or maintained in our society. To start, capital punishment is a racist and unfair solution for the criminals in our system. It discriminates toward individuals on the basis of their race, wealth or social standing in society. It is not right to kill nineteen men a year out of hundreds and hundreds of convicted murderers. These men are not being killed because they committed murder. They are being killed because they are poor, black, ugly or all of these things. As capital punishment becomes less and less likely to be applied, it becomes more likely to be used in discrimination against those who have no money to afford a good lawyer, those who are poor and powerless, personally ugly and socially unacceptable. Since 1930, 89 percent of those executed in the United States for rape have been black, as were 76 percent of those executed for robbery, 85.5 percent of those executed for assault by life-term prisoner, 48.9 percent of those executed for murder, 100 percent of those executed for burglary. All together, 53.5 percent of those we have put to death in this Nation since 1930 have been black (Bedau). Study after study turns up the same results, one can conclude that there is a pattern of discrimination. One study shows that prosecutors seek the death penalty most often when the victim is white. Prosecutors sought the death penalty twice as often when the victim was white as when the victim was a member of a racial minority. In cases of white victims, 27 percent sought the death penalty, where only 19 percent in cases of minority victims (Bedau). In most states where the death penalty is instated, it is done so to deter crime. I think the feeling toward capital punishment boils down to two things. It is a kind of feeling most of us have that death really scares us, and a harsh penalty, you have to say deters more than life imprisonment. But if you took the death penalty away, most of us would be just as scared by a life imprisonment. Secondly, most of us who are thinking about this subject are well adjusted, normal, non-murderers. We do not commit murder, not because of the existence of the death penalty, but because we are morally developed, life respecting citizens. The people that do commit murders are of a different sort, their minds do not work like the rest of us. Whether you call them insane, phycopaths or whatever, no amount of punishment could have an effect on them. Now that is not to say it is impossible that, in some few cases, the death penalty did deter a capital crime. These cases, if they exist, must be very f ew, since they do not show up in the comparative statistical studies. The states with

Motifs and Metaphors Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Motifs and Metaphors - Movie Review Example Percy Adlon presents his made up truck stop as a metaphor for the neglected hopes of those cast aside people by America, that whether by discrimination and financial and economic harsh times (pertaining to C.C.H. Pounder’s scathing Brenda) or by the times going on (Jack Palance as Rudi Coxx, the artist relic). One of the metaphors, the Boomerang also boosted the motif of the movie and it revolved around all characters of the movie; it suggests that what a person puts forth returns back to them that is, what you give, you get back such as the love which Jasmin transferred to and got back from Brenda, her family and everyone. The joy of giving and receiving is also depicted with the use of Boomerang (Maslin 1988). Another metaphor used in the movie was the thermos; it was the first sign of magic that is, in the film, perpetually full of coffee. This was a coffee maker or a thermos that Brenda’s husband left by the side of the road that further made its way into the motel, Bagdad Cafe. This was the reason which brought Jasmin into the motel and which provided everyone with a much induced idea to pick her up in. The use of magic tricks came into Jasmin’s mind when she found a magic set in Brenda’s messy office things and played with them which changed the life of Jasmin. These helped her to entertain the customers at the cafe and induce more sales and profits which lead eventually to a strong friendship between Jasmin and Brenda (Maslin 1988). The incremental progress of these motifs came with the thermos in the commencement of the film followed by the boomerang when Jasmin started spreading love and friendship with Brenda and everyone in the motel, the painting of Jasmin which Rudi Coxx wanted to paint all the time and finally the use of magic tricks which helped her win over the hearts of customers signing into the motel along with her modeling as well. To keep the movie in one flow and make it more realistic, interesting and a sort of comedy as well for the viewers, along with the motif, there was a transition shown over the major characters of the film to come up on the ending of the film. The transition of the major characters in the film is very encouraging and eye-catching. The first example of the connection of the motif with transition throughout the film was the change in the main protagonist in the film, Jasmin which depicted the biggest transition as she was keen in weathering her sorrows and difficulties which she faced after her husband left her and found happiness in little things around her. She was able to be happy herself and make others in the motel with her kind and industrious personality. The second main character, Brenda, was at the beginning of the film, a strict and hostile manager of the motel in which Jasmin entered as a foreigner and Brenda’s harsh attitude was in extreme with Jasmin due to her inability to speak proper English and the threat that she may exploit the culture of th e motel with that of Germany. But Brenda transformed eventually and she and Jasmin were bonded in a strong friendship. This applies to Brenda’s family as well including her children who started loving Jasmin. This also induced more customers line up into the motel and happiness spread into the then called ‘wasteland’. With the final transition of the Hollywood-set painter Rudi, Brenda’s father, daughter and all nearby friends in the film; this shows that the element of transition in the main characters of the

Roe V Wade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Roe V Wade - Essay Example Roe’s claim charged that the abortion law in Texas was in violation of the constitutional rights of her and all other pregnant women. The Supreme Court decided for Roe effectively making abortion legal in the U.S. in the landmark case. The decision invalidated any state law that restricted a women to have or a doctor to perform an abortion during the first three months (first trimester) of a pregnancy. It also restricted abortions during the second-trimester unless a woman’s health was in jeopardy (Gale, 1997: 312). Though the case was then and remains today controversial, the Court’s decision was correct from a constitutional context. Critics of the decision have generally made arguments based on personal moral beliefs which are irrelevant when the language of the Constitution is examined. Their moral arguments against the Roe decision can be quickly invalidated by weighing the precedents of constitutional decisions reached by the Supreme Court in addition to reading the specific wordage contained in the Constitution. There are, however, valid questions regarding the Constitutional issues of the Roe decision that deserve answering. When most people speak disapprovingly of the Roe decision, they base their objection purely on moral grounds but scholars, lawyers and especially judges who condemn the decision should only do so based on constitutional grounds in addition to voicing their moral objections. The argument against the decision should address the 9th Amendment which states, â€Å"The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people† (â€Å"Bill of Rights†, 2006). Those opposed have said that the ninth, or any other amendment, does not specifically mention abortion therefore the Constitution is not applicable when attempting to determine the legality of abortion rights. This opinion, however, very obviously

Does the governor of Texas need more power Essay

Does the governor of Texas need more power - Essay Example The debate has been mainly informed by the fact that there is a consensus that the governor of Texas has fairly less powers particularly when compared to governors’ offices of other states. Considering this fact, there is debate on whether the governor of Texas need more power or not. There are those who believe that the governor needs more powers in order to match the powers of governors in other states. On the other hand, there are those who believe that additional power is not necessary (Maxwell, Ernest and Adolfo 21). This paper will discuss why the governor of Texas does not need more powers. The Governor’s office in Texas is considered to be extremely weak especially when compared to the powers of governors in other states. A governor of Texas must use the charismatic ability, the power of media, personality and persuasion in order to govern the state more effectively (Brown 17). The power of the Texas state governor is weakened by the fact that the executive office powers are spread throughout a number of series of elected boards, commissions, and offices. Executive powers in Texas is what is termed as â€Å"plural executive† where there are several elected officials who share most of the powers invested typically in one office (Ginsberg 66). In Texas, voters elect several key offices that include the Attorney General, Comptroller of Public Accounts, and the Lieutenant Governor. Since these officials may not have a greater degree of loyalty to the governor and might therefore seek to undermine his term of office (Wilson 55). The powers of the Governor is further undermined by the fact that he has less influence in the budgeting process compared to governors of the other states around the United States of America. The state law allows the governor to transfer funds between agencies or programs to meet emergency needs, even though such process should be approved by the Legislative Budget Board (LBB). It should be noted

People Management At Pepsi Co

People Management At Pepsi Co There is an international company PepsiCo. PepsiCo, Inc. is one of the worlds top consumer product companies with many of the worlds most important and valuable trademarks. Its Pepsi-Cola Company division is the second largest soft drink business in the world, with a 21 percent share of the carbonated soft drink market worldwide and 29 percent in the United States. Three of its brands-Pepsi-Cola, Mountain Dew, and Diet Pepsiare among the top ten soft drinks in the U.S. market (www.pepsico.co.uk). This assignment will enable me to get the knowledge about the organisational structure of PepsiCo company whereas I came to know briefly about the organisation culture. This assignment will explain the style required by the leader and the benefits of flexible a working environment. Some people management strategies will also be discussed in the assignment. About the Organisation Task 1.1 Explain how organisational structure impacts on people in the organisation Organisation structure the organization structure means the manner in the line of authority, role and responsibility are delegated. The organisation structure of the company is represented by the organisation chart which shows the flow of command (Yadav 2009). There can be a horizontal line of command and can be vertical. There is a flat structure of organisation in which the flow of command is horizontal, and one is tall in which the flow of command is vertical. Some companies also use functional in which the company make a different department in the organisation according to functional areas. That is called a functional structure. Some organisations use a mixed organisational structure mixing two types of the above organisational structures. The functional organisational structure is very important and effective because the organisation can focus work according to their departments (www.wordpress.com). http://sameh.files.wordpress.com/2006/05/Organization%20Structure2.jpg Source www.pepsico.co.uk This is a mixed organisation structure and in this structure the seniors order the juniors in separate departments for different functions. This is the organisational structure utilised at PepsiCo. In this organisation there are many different departments according to the function such as marketing, human resource and it is an ideal structure for this organisation (www.wordpress.com). Impact of the organisational structure The organizational structure explains the direction of the flow of authority and delegated responsibilities in the organisation. It explains how the people need to perform their duties and who will be responsible for which task. The organization structure is very important. Task 1.2 Explain how the organisational culture impacts the people in the organization According to Yadav (2009) organizational culture is a common perception held by the organizations members; a system of shared meanings. It is a set of key characteristics that organization values. There are seven primary characteristics that capture the essence of an organization culture. Innovation and risk taking, Attention to detail, Outcome orientation, People orientation, Team orientation, Aggressiveness, Stability. Organizational (Corporate) Culture is a pattern of basic assumptions that are considered valid and that are taught to new members as the way to perceive, think, and feel in the organization. There are three levels of organization culture Artefacts Symbols of culture in the physical and social work environment. Values Espoused What members of an organization say they value. This means what are the norms followed by the people of the organization and enacted is the way in which people of the organization reflected the values and how individuals actually behave (SMU 2011). Assumptions Deeply held beliefs that guide behaviour and tell members of an organization how to perceive and think about things (Rao 2005) There are four types of organisational culture. Power culture Power is concentrated among a few with control spreading from the centre. In this type of culture the main person such as manger or director have the right to make the decision and other people have to follow those decisions (fds.oup.com). Role culture Authority is clearly designed in a clearly defined structure. The role culture is that type of culture in which the person has the right to take decision according to their position. No confusion occurs and there is no delay in the decision making (fds.oup.com). Task culture Teams are formed to solve particular problem with power deriving from expertise. In the task culture authority, authority is only provided for a particular task and only to the expert. When the task is completed the authority also finishes (fds.oup.com). Person culture All individuals believe themselves to be superior to the organisation. This suggests a group of like-minded individuals pursuing organisational goals (fds.oup.com). http://molc.mim.org.my/modules/MA1174_files/image001.gif Source fds.oup.com In this organisation there is a role culture because in the role culture the responsibilities are clearly delegated to the authorised person and there is no confusion in the distribution of power. In the role culture the right person gets the right authority. Impact of organisational culture The organizational culture helps the people in understanding how they need to behave with each other. It also describes the policies and procedure of the business which its people need to follow. Task 1.3 Analyse the impact of leadership style on the individual and team. There are four type of leadership styles. Autocratic leadership In this type of leadership the leader makes decisions without reference to anyone else. There is high degree of dependency on the leader and he can de-motivate and alienate staff. In this type of leadership the leaders dont take the advice from the rest of the employees. This type of leadership is good only when you have shortage of time and where decisions need to be made quickly and decisively. (www.sos.net). Democratic leadership In this type of leadership the leader takes suggestions from the employee to improve their decision making. But the final authority of decision making rests with what emphases is running throughout the organization. It may help in motivation where workers feel they own part of the firm. It may improve the sharing of ideas and experiences within the business. (www.sos.net). Laissez-faire leadership In this tape of leadership all responsibilities are shared by all employees. It can be highly motivational, as people have control over their working life. In this type of leadership everyone is free to make decision according to their position. By this type of leadership a company can avoid the delay in decision making and an effective decision can be taken (www.sos.net). Paternalistic The leader acts as a father figure s/he makes the decision but may consult. He believes in the need to support staff. Sometimes taking a decision on his own and sometimes discusses the problem with others. In this type of leadership employees feel secure like they have the security of their father (www.sos.net). This is an autocratic leadership style because senior people make the decisions and other lower level people have to follow those decisions (Steiner 1997). The TDM and ADC of the company make decision and the CE and salesmen have to follows those decisions. But that time they only take the feedback from the CES and salesmen just to make the decisions more effective but dont take their suggestion for decision making (www.pepsi.co.uk). If a leader acts as a democratic leader he can get better solution to his problems and better performance rather than autocratic leader. Task 1.4 Review the people management strategies used in the organisation PepsiCo a multinational beverage company has been chosen. However, for the purposes of this assignment only the London operations will be studied. This company has its mixed type of organisational structure. In this organisation there are many different departments according to the function such as marketing, human resources, therefore, it is an ideal structure for this organisation. In this organisation there is a role culture, the responsibilities are clearly delegated to the authorised personnel and there is no confusion in the distribution of power. To manage the people effectively it uses the autocratic leadership style in which all major decisions are taken from the top management (www.pepsico.co.uk). Task 1.5 Explain the benefits of a flexible working environment to an individual and organization. According to Rao (2005) Flexible working environment means the employees have right to move from one place to another and they can flexibility of time. If there will be flexibility in working environment than it will help in breaking the monotony of work and reduce the boringness at the work place. There are many benefits which a organisation can get from flexible working environment. Increase in productivity If the employee is able to work in a flexible work place then they will be happier and can give maximum output. Hence the productivity will increase. Time saving If the employees will have the flexibility of working from any place then they can work from their home and save the time of travelling from their home to work place (www.businessdictionary.com). New innovative ideas If the employees will be allowed to work in a flexible place then get ideas from people who will be around them, they can then get a better solution for any problem. Reduce stress If the employees will have the flexibility of time and work place then they need not to rush for work and they will have no pressure of reaching workplace on time. Task 1.6 Using motivational theories assess how the working environment impacts on the performance of employees. Motivation theories Every employee of the organisation need some motivation to work effectively. Company adopt many motivational factors to positively motivate the employees towards the company and work. (tutor2u 2011). Maslow Hierarchy theory Maslow has given the theory for the motivation of the employees. He explains how an employer can positively motivate his employees towards work and how an employer can get the maximum out of employees (Parsad 2009). According to Maslow there are six needs of the employees which should be fulfilled in a hierarchical order. If one of those needs are left than there will be no use of fulfilling the other needs (www.tutor2u.com). Physiological needs Every person has his own basic needs of food, clothes, and shelter and every employer should have responsibility to fulfil these basic needs. This is not the responsibility of the employer to provide food and shelter but employer should have to give that much salary that they can buy their basic needs things. In case of business application a company should provide lunch to employees (www.tutor2u.com). Safety Needs After the completion the physiological needs an employer should provide a safety work environment for its employees to work. If the employees dont feel safe in the work environment then they would be able to fully concentrate on their work. In the business a company should complete all the requirement of health and safety policy. If the physiological needs of the employees didnt satisfy then there is wastages of fulfilling other needs (www.tutor2u.com) Social needs Third most important every person want to social with other people and after the completion of first two needs every person has desire to meet with other people and make relations with other. Relationships such as friendships, romantic attachments and families help fulfil this need for companionship and acceptance, as does involvement in social, community or religious groups. In the case of business the social need is very important because company needs to socialise with customers and employee need to make friends to cheer up and remove their tensions (www.tutor2u.com). Self Esteem Needs After the first three needs have been satisfied, esteem needs becomes increasingly important. The self esteem need related to the self respect of the person and achievement (Parsad 2009). In the self esteem a person wants attention of other people towards him. There are two type of self esteem one is internal and other is external self esteem. (www.tutor2u.com). Self actualisation needs After completion of the above four need a person think about the wisdom and truth and a status of a person. In case of business an employer should give full opportunity to fulfil the career of his employees (www.pateo.com). If the working environment follow these hierarchy of need and satisfy them accordingly then the business can get maximum output out of its employees. http://www.pateo.com/images/maslowmaster4ts.gif Source www.pateo.com The second theory o motivation is Herzberg theory. In this theory there are two important factors one is for the motivation and another one is hygiene factor. Hygiene Factors these are those factors which satisfy the employees but they are not motivated. There are some factors such as salary, working condition, status, supervision are hygienic factors (www.valuebase.com). Motivation Factor The motivation factor for the employee is interest in job, achievement and recognition. These factors lead to the high performance of the employees. But the combination of both hygiene and motivation factor are important (www.valuebase.com). http://www.novabizz.com/NovaAce/Behavior/img/herzberg_factors.gif Source www.novabizz.com Task 1.7 Assess how an organisational ethical practices impact on the motivation level While carrying out its business operation every business needs to consider ethical issue. These ethical practices ensure the employees and the customers that the business will not commit any wrongful act (www.mediapost.com). Social and the moral value will be considered carefully. Some of the ethical practices are as follow The business will not knowingly injure any of its employees or customer (Steiner 1997). The business will not interfere in the personal life of its employees and customers. It will respect all kinds of religion, customs and traditions. All the products made by the business will be safe for its customers Good working environment will be providing by the business for its employees etc. All the ethical practice impact on the motivation level of the employees because if the employees will come to know about the good ethical practice used by the business then they will be ensured about the safety of their life and they can fully concentrate on their work. This will result for the good performance of their employees. The PepsiCo Company also use ethical practices and all the products delivered by the business are well packed and hygienic (www.pepsico.co.uk). Task 1.8 Evaluate how the organisation use its corporate social responsibilities agenda to motivate employees. The corporate social responsibility means all the efforts done by the company to build the positive image in the mind of the customers. To make the good image in the mind of customers the business need to manage quality in two aspects such as in respect of process and people. If both are things are doing well the business can be success in the competitive market (www.mallnbaker.com). In this the business makes the good relation with its customers to build the good image in the market. This makes the customers more loyal towards the company and help in increasing the employees commitment toward satisfaction of customers. Hence towards the achievement of the organisational goal (SMU 2011). The Workforce Task 2.1 Explain how the personal difference impact on the individual behavious and work If the individual will have personal difference then they cannot work comfortably with each other. The individual will face many problems and hence their work will be affected by the personal differences Lack of coordination A company cant success without coordination must have among the group member. A company lose their balance without coordination so everyone will do work according their wish. Hence they wouldnt be able to achieve the common goal (Yadav 2009). Lack of communication communication is the most important thing in a company if their lack of communication among the team member this result to the repetition and if some time the people among the group member does not communicate proper it can result adverse effect on the perform acting which they are doing. No trust and respect for each other if a company member dont do believe on each other they cant do work properly. Trust must have in all employs if the no among the group member a company cannot running success fully. Lack of self motivation if any group member motivated then he can motivated the other person of the group who dont have the abilities of getting self motivated so self motivation is the most important thing in a company if they have lack of self motivation company cannot success (www.reliablesurvey.com). Lack of Commitment for work and each other If will be personal difference then there will be lack of commitment- sometimes groups do not work according to the commitment they did, like they do not complete their task on time, do not take interest in the work etc Task 2.2 Analyse management style needed to deal with differences and individual behaviour. There are many types of management style such as autocratic styles in which the managers himself take all the decisions and ask his subordinates to follow his decisions whereas in the democratic style the manager ask his subordinates view while taking new decision. On the other hand the lazes fair the manger let his subordinate to take all the decision on their own (Steiner 1997). The autocratic leadership style will be helpful in dealing with the individual difference because in this style all the decisions will be taken by the manager. If the manager adopt the lazes fair style then there are chances of conflict among the employees and decision making can be delayed. The style of leadership has been chosen according to the nature of the business and decision need to be taken (www.sos.net). Task 2.3 Explain how motivation theories can be applied to develop performance in organisation According to Parsad (2009) every employees need motivation without motivation every employee can give average performance but to get the good performance motivation is required. There are many types of motivational theories such as Maslow need theory, X and Y theory etc. Every theory explain the different method of motivation to employees but there is one thing common that employees need motivation. There are many motivational techniques which help in the improving the quality of the performance of the employees. Incentives If I will get the incentives for the good performance then it act as a motivational factor because incentives are monetary benefits. If I will get the incentives then there are chances of good performance of mine become high. I will perform better to get good incentive (www.streetdirectory.com). Rewards Rewards can also act as motivational factor for me because the rewards give the recognition in the society. Rewards mainly include the awards and praise in any of the function of the company. Fringe benefits If the company will provide me extra facilities such as pick drop facility, medical insurance etc. this will also motivate me to give the good performance and it also increase my commitment towards the company. Promotion If the company will promote me to higher position for my good performance then in future with the same expectation I will give the good performance (www.streetdirectory.com). These are some motivational techniques which help me in giving in the quality performance. Task 2.4 Explain the different use of coaching and monitoring in the organisation In any business organisation changes are implemented to make the business running successfully because there are many environmental factors which affect the business and sometimes their effect is uncontrollable (Rao 2005). So to cope up with those changes in external environment the business need to implement some changes in it but the implementation of those changes is not effective. The business needs to monitor the progress of the implemented change and the performance of the people because then only the business can come to know about of the change. There are many tools available to monitor the effect of change. Regular reports The business can use the regular reports to measure the performance of the change because with the help of regular reports from employees keep the business updated with the change status. These reports help the business to identify potential set-backs before they become a problem. With the help of these reports the business can check the regular status of the change. A checkpoint system A checkpoint system is also another tools to monitor the performance of the people because with the help of checklist the because in the checkpoints there are small goals are given to the employees with respect to change. The business checks the performance4 of the employees after the implementation of the change and according to the given goals (www.safariboks.com). Swot Analysis It can check it strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats before and after implementing the change. If is most the weakness and threats has been removed and all the strengths and opportunities has been utilised then it can say the change is good and if not then business need to review the change (www.safariboks.com). MBO (management by objectives) According to Parsad 2009 this is more like the check point system but both the slightly different. In the checkpoint system the goals are only for specific projects but in the MBO the management set the objectives for its employees but related to every task of the business and the business has to achieve those objectives. Similarly here the management check the performance of the employees with respect to the given objectives before and after implementing the change. Balance scorecard In this tools the business check the performance of the business in four areas such as finance, customers satisfaction, internal business process and learning and development of employees. This is also use before and after introducing the change (www.safariboks.com). To know the effectiveness of the business these monitoring coaching techniques are used. Task 2.5 Analyse the benefits of training and development to individual and organisation. Training and development help the organisation and individual to get familiar with the new trend and technology. It serves many benefits to the individual (Parsad 2009). Increase their knowledge The training and development help the individual to increase their knowledge about new technology and the latest trend in the market (www.mediapost.com). Build confidence It help in building the confidence of the employees because if they will have full information about any new trend then they can confidently work on new technology. Reduce accidents The training and development help in the reducing the chances of accident because before training about working new machine the employee can get injured. Better utilization of resources The proper training and development help the employee to effectively and efficiently utilize its resources. Save time and cost -If the employees will be give proper training about development of new product then they will make product with lesser wastage (www.mediapost.com). Task 2.6 Assess the impact of people management strategies used in the organisation With the help of the mixed organisation structure there is clear division of all the functional department of the organisation and people can work accordingly. There is no extra work load on the employees and clear and proper delegation of authorities and responsibilities (Gupta 2010). With the help of autocratic management style the company can avoid the conflict among the employee regarding the decision making because all the decision come from the top management and it can also avoid the delay in the decision making. The PepsiCo is a very big company and it need to take quick decision to keep its business running so this style has improve the decision making process of the business (www.pepsico.co.uk). Recommendation Task 3.1 Recommend the strategies to prom Recommendation In my opinion there should have the democratic leadership in this organisation. Senior post people should take the suggestion from the lower level people while taking the decision regarding the sales because the salesmen and the customer executives know the exact situation about the market and they can better tell the senior people that what would be good for increasing the sales of the products. Company should also give some right to the lower level people to make any decision because some time salesman also has to make decision according to the situation (www.sos.net). Conclusion Working on this assignment was a great experience and I acquired some new knowledge through this assignment. There is a mixed organisation structure is used in the above given organisation and role culture the help the business in proper delegation of authority and responsibility. Although the company does have a role culture which empowers staff to a certain level, I believe the autocratic style of the PepsiCos leadership style will make the full growth slow. As it is the front line staff who know the most about market conditions it would be good business sense for them to use a democratic style of leadership. With the democratic style being used PepsiCo could make more money through real staff empowerment. However, at the same time I do believe that some of autocratic leadership should remain because if any differences happen with staff the seniors can help in the decision-making process. The company would have many benefits by having flexible working environment.

Failure of Parliamentary Democracy in Germany and Hitler’s Rise to Powe

Failure of Parliamentary Democracy in Germany and Hitler’s Rise to Power German history is seen as a ‘painful issue for thousands of Germans and other Europeans’ . However it has interested many historians over the years into inquiring how and why Hitler came to power and how much of this was to do with the failure of parliamentary democracy in Germany. To fully ascertain to what extent these events have in common and what reasons led to the fall of democracy and rise of the Nazis, each have to be looked at individually. Also it seems beneficial, to be able to evaluate these in the relevant context, to look at the situation in Germany was in prior to 1920. In 1919, the treaty of Versailles was signed marking the end of World War One. Soon after, the Weimar republic was established. It was hoped that this democratic constitution would mark a turning point for Germany. Turning the people of Germany away from the authoritarian style of government they were used to, towards a more stable democracy. Since the German nation was used to being ruled, rather than ruling itself, it was a hard transition to accomplish. Democracy was a new concept within Germany and many people were willing to look to the left and right wings for political leadership. Also World War One had created an unsettling influence on the people of Germany and the establishment of Weimar, with its wish for freedom and democracy hoped to settle this. In essence Weimar faced many problems from the outset; it had to cope with not only political challenges, but economic problems, structural weaknesses and the legacy of World War One. Weimar had also inherited the ruins of a con quered autocracy, a ruined economy and two ruthlessly anti-democratic political extremes The Weimar Republic did not start on a good footing, since the first president was not democratically elected; instead Friedrich Ebert took the first oath of constitution on Prince Max’s command. Some believe that the structure of Weimar was the main reason for its failure. There were many flaws in the constitution, which prohibited it from becoming a western style of democracy. The first thing to look at is how the constitution was established. After World War One, the German people were divided, those to the left believed that they had been lied to and deceived into fighting a war for the upper class. The Right believed th... ...2. Between the July and November elections the Nazi party lost 34 seats. However the implementation of Schleicher, to attract trade unionists and members of the NSDAP, only succeeded in making Hitler’s position in the Nazi party stronger. This was because Schleicher’s ‘policy of diagonal’ only attracted Strasser, for which he was ousted from the Nazi party. This was Hitler’s main opponent in the quest for leadership of the nazi party. The Weimar Republic's demise and Hitler’s rise to power are very inter-linked. This can be shown by the static enrolment for the Nazi party when Stresseman brought Germany into the era of the ‘golden years’. It could be said that opposition to democracy rose and fell in harmony with movements in prosperity.’ Hitler exploited this with his political astuteness of knowing what and when to promise things in the ‘new’ Germany. Many reasons for the fall of democracy also link to Hitler’s rise of power. It could be argued that if Weimar had been a stronger constitution then Hitler would not have come to power. However Hitler was an opportunist and I believe that if Weimar had survived Hitler would have found another way to rise to Germany’s dictator.

Indian Horse Essay

Jerome?s, and finally ends when he is an adult unraveling the layers Of his Firstly, Sail's journey for the truth begins in his early childhood. Past. During this time, Saul faces many demons he does not know how to deal with, so he chooses to run away from them. By doing this, Saul is haunted by these demons for the rest of his journey. At a young age, he witnesses the impact residential school has on his mother: â€Å"It was as if she was under the influence of a potent medicine no shaman had the power to break† (Wages 9). As he sees his parents reject their reality, he also rejects his win reality.This hinders Sail's journey, as reality must be taken for what it is, not hidden away. His parents also drink as a way to escape: † â€Å"80th my parents had taken to the Sunshades drink, and we left the bush in pursuit of it† (Wages 12). This further distances them from Saul, to the point where they are not there to raise him. This is why Saul embarks on his journey alone, as he believes that there is no one else able to help him. Finally, the only beacon of light in Sail's childhood, his grandmother, dies in his arms: â€Å"Instead, she was gone. Frozen to death saving me, and was cast adrift on a strange new rive' (Wages 24).Sail's grandmother is very important to him, so upon her death, Saul loses hope that his reality can be handled. From this, Saul tries to escape reality rather than face it, but the consequence is that he is unable to progress from this time period. He chooses to bottle up all these traumatizing events within himself, but this sets off his tumble into darkness. Due to his troubled upbringing, Saul does not accept his life as an Indian, nor the person that he used to be. Thus, the central theme is introduced, that people's past must be confronted, not avoided, so that they can move on, and accept their former selves.Secondly, after Saul enrolls at SST. Groomer's, he suffers deep mental and physical abuse, which hinders hi s journey for the truth. His time at SST. Jerome is the most traumatizing period of his life, as Saul clearly states â€Å"SST. Groomer's took all the light from my world† (Wages 35). The harsh environment Of the school scars Saul emotionally: I saw kids die of tuberculosis, influenza, pneumonia and broken hearts at SST. Groomer's. Saw young boys and girls die standing on their own two feet. I saw runaways carried back, frozen solid as boards. I saw bodies hung from rafters on thin ropes.So I retreated. T hats how I survived. Alone. When the tears threatened to erupt from me at night I vowed they would never hear me cry. I ached in solitude. What I let them see was a quiet, withdrawn boy, void of feeling. (Wages 44) Saul pushes away this reality by this by cutting himself off from the rest of the world and forgetting his true self. By doing this, he is able to survive, but he is arced to deal with the truth much later in his life. This would push back Sail's journey, as it co ntributes to the demons that he faces and carries with him.Ignoring reality just makes it even more difficult to deal with it afterwards. However, Saul is also special, as he is gifted with the vision that allows him to excel at hockey. Thus, he uses the sport as a distraction: ‘When I hit the ice I left all of that behind me. Stepped onto the ice and Saul Indian Horse, the abandoned Ojibwa kid, clutched in the frozen arms of his dead grandmother, ceased to exist† (Wages 66). Hockey is Sail's shield, and it is the way that he escapes from reality, but it does not help him confront his past. Instead Saul runs away from his past.No matter what people do, their past will always catch up with them. Finally, Saul reveals that Father Liberties raped him: â€Å"He was my captor, the warder of my innocence. † (Wages 162). The reader does not know this until much later, and this is reflective of Saul. Since he chooses to oppress those memories so that he forgets, he also a llows Father Liberties to continue to rape him. Those who ail to understand the past are bound to repeat it. As Saul is not able to fully comprehend the reality of his time at SST. Groomer's, he chooses to bury it deeply within himself.However, by doing this, Saul suffers great consequences, and he is unable to progress in his journey searching for the truth. This develops the central theme that the past must be confronted, not escaped, to be able to move along with life. Finally, much later in his life, Sail's journey comes to an end, and he is able to accept himself. Initially, when he loses his protection that was hockey, Saul is forced to slowly and eloquently face his past: M/hen the racism of the crowds and players made me change, became enraged because they were taking away the only protection had.When that happened, I knew that the game could not offer me protection any longer. The truth of the abuse and the rape of my innocence were closer to the surface. † (Wages 160 ) Yet, this is not the end of his journey, as he is not ready to face his past. As Saul prolongs his journey, he also continues to suffer. He dodges the past by pursuing a nomadic life before taking to alcohol: â€Å"In alcohol I found an antidote to exile . Covered that being someone you are not is often easier than living with the person you are. I became drunk with that. Addicted.My new escape sustained me for awhile† (Wages 144). By doing this, he faces even more demons, forcing him to dig even deeper to find the truth. Finally, Saul come to the realization that he must visit SST. Groomer's, now closed, and God's Lake, the place of his upbringing: â€Å"I'd never walked the shore of the lake completely. But did so that day, and every step closer to our old family campsite transported me further back. The angst in my belly disappeared. My thoughts cleared. I walked in a peace could not recall having experienced before† (Wages 163).Saul must come to terms with himsel f, so that he is able get rid of all the demons that he carries. By doing this, he is able let go of the past, and progress into a new phase of his life, one in which he is not constantly trying to escape. This leap is very difficult for Saul, but by doing this, he was able to find the truth he was searching for, thus completing his journey. His journey, albeit long and difficult, is ultimately successful, as by miming to terms with his past, Saul is relieved of all the pain he has been holding onto, and is able to accept himself.This also finishes the development of the theme that the past must be confronted to be able to move along. It does not manner the journey that people take to come to terms with the past, but it is only necessary that in the end, they are able to accept the past for what it is. In conclusion, Sail's life can be seen as a journey. From his days as a young Indian to his early adulthood, Saul choose to oppress any collections of the harsh reality of his childho od, instead choosing to distract himself with hockey, work, and alcohol.

Lit Review - Gay Studies essays

Lit Review - Gay Studies essays The social phenomenon that is of paramount interest to me is the sociological process that young homosexual men and women go through known as "Coming Out." This is of interest to me, because of my personal experiences coming out, and of a personal desire to understand the struggles of homosexuals, especially young homosexuals on both a theoretical and individual basis. Historical and Geographic Review of The Closet and Coming Out To provide a proper examination of the process coming out of the closet homosexuality must be examined throughout the history of America and Europe. Homosexuality has been noted since the Greeks. (Plato ) During much of the history of Europe after the Greek's dominance, homosexuality was considered a deviant behavior, and records of it are sporadic and unreliable. What is important is that during the dominance of the Catholic Church up until the 1880's the roots of homophobia were predicated on biblical interpretation. During this time the science embraced the ideology of progress and perfectibility. A discipline known as alienism, which applied a medical model to human behavior, interpreted homosexuality in terms of a sickness versus a theological root as sin or evil. These alienismists suffered from the Darwinian ideas that promoted "natural" as a part of "natural selection." They also considered if environmental conditions. These American scientists looked at and rejected the work of Magnus Hirschfeld and the Scientific Humanitarian Committee that called for the "normalization" and 'emancipation' of homosexuals, instead they participated in the stigmatization and marginilzation of the American Homosexual. American scientists tended to discuss the isolation of homosexuals via castration, sterilization, and confinement. The isolation and marginlization of homosexuals was symptomatic of the desire to increase social control, and reduce social evils through interventionist method ...

IFRS vs GAAP †Equity Accounts Essays

IFRS vs GAAP – Equity Accounts Essays IFRS vs GAAP – Equity Accounts Essay IFRS vs GAAP – Equity Accounts Essay In discoursing Equity Accounting criterions of GAAP and IFRS we specifically look at Stockholders’ equity in respect to corporations. Of class there are many differences in linguistic communication ; nevertheless. we will reexamine some major differences in accounting criterions with regard to Equity histories. There is a glowering difference in the two methods with respects to Distributions to Owners. Under US GAAP. ignoring dividends paid on unallocated portions ( Employee Stock Ownership Plans ) . revenue enhancement benefits can be received. It follows that the revenue enhancement disbursal is reduced and no allotment is made in shareholders equity. The IFRS impose regulations where entities must cut down equity histories for the sum of any distribution. cyberspace of revenue enhancement benefits. To lucubrate. a company under GAAP pays 1 million dollars into pensions and 200 1000 would be the nonexempt sum. It would cut down the stock holder’s equity by 1 million ; the 200 1000 would recognition the revenue enhancement disbursal. A company under IFRS would describe 800 thousand as a debit to the equity history. with no revenue enhancement liability. A broader subject is the issue of equity instruments which includes stock. Minor differences related to stock are discernible in linguistics. or history rubrics. GAAP histories are labelled Common Stock and IFRS histories are labeled Share Capital. One important difference in accounting methods occurs in the presentation of increasing equity. specifically in respect to publishing stock. An IFRS entity may describe Par value and nominal value individually in its equity history. There are some other differences in the accounting patterns of IFRS and GAAP to do note of in respect to equity histories. One difference is the recording of alterations in equity. The IFRS implements a fiscal statement for this specific known as the. Statement of alterations in Equity. The statement shows more than merely alterations. First. the statement reports net incomes or loss ; what follows are incomes or disbursal titled other comprehensive income. Last. the statement shows alterations in accounting policies and the fiscal effects incurred as a consequence. It’s used for conformity with IFRS accounting policies. estimations and mistake regulations. US GAAP does non necessitate a separate fiscal statement and can enter alterations merely in the notes of fiscal statements.

Economic Policy Recommendation Unemployment Essay

Economic Policy Recommendation Unemployment - Essay Example The crisis situation started during the financial crisis of 2007. With the announcement of bankruptcy of Merrill Lynch and Lehman Brothers the financial crisis situation started in 2007. These two companies were the largest financial corporations in the world during this period of time and with the shocking announcement by these two companies that there are going to call themselves as bankrupt have intensified the critical financial and economic future of the United States of America. This announcement has only adversely affected the American economic conditions and scenarios but has also negatively affected the related economic conditions of other countries of the world, such as UK and most of the countries of the European Union, Japan, Russia, India, China and many more (Artis, 2010, pp. 101-102). The financial crisis situation in the USA became more intense when the American government failed to take drastic steps to save the American economy and hence to reduce the intensity of t he growing unemployment and inflation in the country. The government failed to help these companies and other small and medium sized financial corporations in the country through financial assistances. ... intense when the American government failed to take drastic steps to save the American economy and hence to reduce the intensity of the growing unemployment and inflation in the country. The government failed to help these companies and other small and medium sized financial corporations in the country through financial assistances. The American government could not achieve the success of financial stability in the country during this time and this drawback of the American government reflected in the case of severe financial crisis in the country during this time (Katz, 2010, pp. 2-5). The crisis situation of the time emerged when the financial sector of the country and of the developed countries of the world have lost lot of money and financial assets in the market. This crisis situation caused the financial intermediaries of the world, in general, and large financial banks of America, in particular, to suffer from loss of their financial stability and financial assets in the market . In this crisis situation the loss the hedge fund in the share market of the country, which is still considered as the biggest and most financially powerful share market in the whole world, caused most of the large financial corporations to reduce their level of spending in order to raise the level of asset in the financial market. In this financial crisis situation the large financial business organisations, such as Merrill Lynch and Lehman Brothers, adopted the business strategy of reducing the work force of the company and to reduce the level of national as well as international investments. These financial business organisations started to sack as many people as possible within few months time to increase the potentiality of earning greater volume of money in favour of making the

Trifles by Susan Glaspell Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Trifles by Susan Glaspell - Assignment Example and Mrs. Wright in the eyes of the investigators as well as the two women who played most of the parts in the drama, Mrs. Peters who is the sheriff’s wife, always understanding the job of the investigators but took the side of Mrs. Wright in the unfolding of the story and Mrs. Hale who is the neighbor of the Wrights and wife of Mr. Hale who was the first to learn about the crime. As the title connotes, the theme of the story is about trifles or insignificant matters which to the men in the story were the worries of the women. The county attorney presented the politician’s gallantry, wanting to please everybody just like when he wondered what men could do without the ladies in response to the worries of women over trifles. The sheriff on the other hand strives to please the lawyer by explaining the details of his actions right from the start of the drama. In the course of the investigation, the two women came across things that were considered insignificant to the invest igator but to the realization of the women, were the very important information the investigators were looking for to show the motive or cause of the murder. When the two women were left to themselves to find things for Mrs. Wright who requested some specific things she wanted fetched for her self, they found her sewing basket that revealed in part the evidences the count attorney and sheriff wanted to find out.

Commercial Poultry Keeping Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Commercial Poultry Keeping - Research Paper Example It is also preferred to other protein sources since it provides white meat, which is less in cholesterol. Birds are the most popular stock kept in the world approximately 15.9 billion by 2009 since it is kept by most people in the household e.g. women, children, old men. In Kenya, they are around 30million where 25million are indigenous and 5million are exotic, in which 3.5million are layers and 1.5million are broilers. This therefore creates a gap of deficiency in poultry meat and eggs which to entrepreneurs, is a big opportunity gap to be filled up by meeting the the customers’ or market demand to provide these products in required quantity. Having carried out a thorough research about this opportunity after a long period of time and studied the trends in the market supply and demand for poultry products, I found it profitable to start up a commercial poultry farm situated in the capital city of Kenya, Nairobi. The company, ‘’KUKU COMPANY LIMITED’’ was started to keep broilers to provide the city’s population with sufficient and healthy value added poultry meat sold in a very health friendly, modern and classic butcheries. Company Location The company's production unit is located in the Kibera slums, Nairobi, the capital city of Kenya. Kenya is one of the countries forming the East African Community neighboring Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Sudan and Somalia. The dense population of this city provides a large customer base for the company products and therefore, a ready market for the same. The city is occupied by all different kinds of dwellers cutting across all social classes who largely consume poultry meat very often. The company has set out several selling outlet shops across the city in most of the busiest business centers to easily reach its customers. These shops also act as the distribution points for the the retailers across the city. Staffing Plan The company has been under the management of the founde rs who double as the owners as well as the managers. The company established a competitive edge through the expertise of its founders where James brought with him the existing relationship with the best suppliers of chicks and feeds in the city, Jacob brought with him his Agricultural knowledge of poultry production, Abel, an IT expert and a market strategist added his management information knowledge as well as knowledge about the market forecasting and capturing to beat other market commpeetiitoors coupled with my good understanding of food service management, sales record in business to business sales, and financial acumen, well have an edge over the town's other butcher shops and grocery stores within our niche market. We also have two laborers who help us with small manual duties as they come by in the production unit. In addition, we have a salesperson and a cashier at each of our five sales outlets across the city. Form and Benefits of the business This business is partnering based among James, Jacob, Abel and I who have been friends since childhood and decided to come together as entrepreneurs and help in solving food supply shortages to this Kenya. The benefits of this form of business are that it is very instrumental when raising capital, providing labor and in management from the same owner have acted has the managers since it was begun. A Chart of accounts Asset Accounts No Account title To increase Description/explanation of the account 101 Cash Debit The account balance as shown in the company records from customers but not yet deposited 102 Jim Hotels (accounts receivables) Debit Amounts owed to the company for products sold but not yet paid for 104 Feeds (supplies) Debit Cost of supplies that have not yet been used. 105 Land Debit Cost quire and